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DPD Genotype

Published: July 27, 2026Updated: August 25, 2026

The DPD genotype measures variations in the DPYD gene, which encodes the enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) involved in the metabolism of fluoropyrimidine drugs.

Quick summary

DPD genotype predicts individual response to fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy drugs.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 25, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

Units
genotype
Clinical utility
predictive
Result kind
qualitative
FDA-cleared
Roche AmpliChip DPYD, Abbott Infiniti DPYD, AutoGenomics DPYD
interpretation: {"text":"Patients with normal DPD function typically tolerate standard doses of fluoropyrimidine drugs.","label":"Normal DPD Function"}; {"text":"Patients with impaired DPD function may require dose reductions or alternative treatments to avoid severe toxicity.","label":"Impaired DPD Function"}

The DPYD gene provides instructions for making the DPD enzyme, which is crucial for breaking down fluoropyrimidine drugs like 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) used in cancer treatment.

Variations in the DPYD gene can lead to reduced or absent DPD enzyme activity, resulting in increased drug toxicity and adverse effects in patients.

Testing for DPD genotype helps clinicians adjust drug dosages or choose alternative treatments to minimize toxicity risks and improve treatment outcomes.

Frequently asked questions

What are the risks of not testing for DPD genotype?
Without DPD genotype testing, patients with impaired DPD function may experience severe toxicity, including life-threatening adverse effects, from standard doses of fluoropyrimidine drugs.
How is DPD genotype testing performed?
DPD genotype testing involves analyzing a blood or saliva sample to identify specific variations in the DPYD gene associated with DPD enzyme activity.
  1. 1
    Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guidelines for DPYD and FluoropyrimidinesSource
  2. 2
    DPD Deficiency and 5-Fluorouracil ToxicitySource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 25, 2026. · Read our editorial policy