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HLA-B*15:02 Genotype

Published: July 27, 2026Updated: August 25, 2026

The HLA-B*15:02 genotype is a genetic biomarker used to predict the risk of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) in response to specific medications, particularly carbamazepine.

Quick summary

HLA-B*15:02 genotype predicts risk of severe drug-induced skin reactions.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 25, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

Units
genotype
Clinical utility
predictive
Result kind
qualitative
FDA-cleared
Roche HLA-B*1502, Thermo Fisher HLA-B*1502
interpretation: {"text":"Individuals with this genotype are at a lower risk for drug-induced SCARs and may proceed with standard treatment plans.","label":"0–0 Genotype"}; {"text":"Individuals carrying this allele are at a higher risk for severe cutaneous adverse reactions and should avoid medications like carbamazepine.","label":"Positive for HLA-B*15:02"}

The HLA-B*15:02 allele is a genetic variant of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system, which plays a crucial role in the immune system. This biomarker is specifically associated with an increased risk of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), when exposed to certain medications.

Carbamazepine, an anticonvulsant drug, is one of the most well-documented medications that can trigger these severe reactions in individuals carrying the HLA-B*15:02 allele. Testing for this genotype before initiating treatment can help identify patients at risk and prevent these life-threatening reactions.

The utility of HLA-B*15:02 genotyping is primarily predictive, aiming to guide clinical decision-making in pharmacotherapy. It is particularly relevant in populations with higher frequencies of this allele, such as those of Asian descent.

Frequently asked questions

What is the purpose of HLA-B*15:02 genotyping?
The purpose is to identify patients at risk of severe drug-induced skin reactions before starting treatment with specific medications, such as carbamazepine.
How is the HLA-B*15:02 test performed?
The test is typically performed using a blood sample or buccal swab, and genetic analysis methods such as PCR are used to detect the presence of the HLA-B*15:02 allele.
  1. 1
    HLA-B*15:02 and Carbamazepine-Induced SJS/TENSource
  2. 2
    Pharmacogenomics of HLA-B*15:02 and Drug HypersensitivitySource

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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 25, 2026. · Read our editorial policy