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IA-2 Antibody

Published: July 27, 2026Updated: August 25, 2026

The IA-2 antibody is an immunological marker used to detect the presence of autoantibodies against the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecule IA-2, which is associated with type 1 diabetes.

Quick summary

IA-2 antibody is a diagnostic marker for type 1 diabetes.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 25, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

Units
U/mL
Clinical utility
diagnostic
Result kind
quantitative
FDA-cleared
FDA Cleared General Assay
interpretation: {"text":"IA-2 antibody levels within or below the reference range (0–7.5 U/mL) are typically considered normal.","label":"Low/Within Range"}; {"text":"Levels above 7.5 U/mL may indicate the presence of autoimmunity associated with type 1 diabetes.","label":"High"}

The IA-2 antibody is one of several autoantibodies that target pancreatic islet cell antigens and are indicative of autoimmune destruction of beta cells in type 1 diabetes.

This biomarker is often used in conjunction with other antibodies, such as GAD65 and insulin autoantibodies, to improve the accuracy of diagnosing type 1 diabetes.

Levels above the reference range (0–7.5 U/mL) may indicate an increased risk or the presence of type 1 diabetes.

Frequently asked questions

What is the significance of a positive IA-2 antibody test?
A positive test indicates an autoimmune response against pancreatic beta cells, which is characteristic of type 1 diabetes.
Can IA-2 antibody levels change over time?
Yes, antibody levels can fluctuate and may decrease as the disease progresses, but they are often present in the early stages of type 1 diabetes.
  1. 1
    American Diabetes Association: Type 1 DiabetesSource
  2. 2
    National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: Type 1 DiabetesSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

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Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 25, 2026. · Read our editorial policy