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Interferon Gamma (IFN-γ)

Published: July 27, 2026Updated: August 25, 2026

IFN-γ is a cytokine critical for innate and adaptive immunity against viral and intracellular bacterial infections and for tumor control. It is often used to evaluate immune responses and inflammation.

Quick summary

IFN-γ is a key immune system protein used to diagnose inflammatory conditions and infections.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 25, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

Units
pg/mL
Clinical utility
diagnostic
Result kind
quantitative
FDA-cleared
R&D Systems IFN-gamma ELISA, Meso Scale Discovery IFN-gamma
interpretation: {"text":"May indicate a weakened immune response or conditions that suppress immune function.","label":"Low Levels"}; {"text":"Suggest an active immune response, often due to infections, autoimmune disorders, or other inflammatory conditions.","label":"High Levels"}

Interferon Gamma (IFN-γ) is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the immune response against pathogens, particularly viruses and some bacteria. It is produced mainly by natural killer (NK) cells and T lymphocytes.

Measuring IFN-γ levels can help in diagnosing conditions related to immune system dysfunction, such as autoimmune disorders and severe infections. Elevated levels may indicate an active immune response or inflammation.

The reference range for IFN-γ is typically 0–5 pg/mL. Levels above this range may suggest an underlying inflammatory condition or infection that warrants further investigation.

Frequently asked questions

What conditions can cause elevated IFN-γ levels?
Elevated IFN-γ levels can be caused by viral infections, autoimmune diseases like lupus, and chronic inflammatory conditions.
How is the IFN-γ test performed?
The test is performed using a blood sample, which is analyzed in a laboratory to measure the concentration of IFN-γ.
  1. 1
    Interferon Gamma: MedlinePlus Medical TestSource
  2. 2
    Role of Interferon-Gamma in Infectious DiseaseSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 25, 2026. · Read our editorial policy