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Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC)

Published: July 27, 2026Updated: August 25, 2026

RT-QuIC measures the presence of misfolded prion proteins, which are associated with neurodegenerative conditions such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). It is used to detect these abnormal proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and other tissues.

Quick summary

RT-QuIC is a diagnostic test for detecting misfolded prion proteins in neurological disorders.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 25, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

Units
titer
Clinical utility
diagnostic
Result kind
qualitative
FDA-cleared
Roche RT-QuIC, Naprogen RT-QuIC
interpretation: {"text":"A titer above the reference value (≤1) indicates a high likelihood of a prion disease such as CJD.","label":"Positive"}; {"text":"A titer within or below the reference value suggests that prion disease is less likely, though clinical correlation is necessary.","label":"Negative"}

RT-QuIC is a highly sensitive and specific assay used to detect misfolded prion proteins, which are the hallmark of prion diseases such as CJD. The test involves subjecting a sample to repeated cycles of shaking and rest, allowing for the amplification of misfolded proteins if present.

The assay is performed by adding a small amount of the patient's CSF or tissue homogenate to a reaction mixture containing recombinant prion protein. The conversion of normal prion protein to the misfolded form is monitored in real-time, providing a quantitative measure of the prion seeding activity.

A positive RT-QuIC result, indicated by a titer above the reference value of ≤1, strongly suggests the presence of a prion disease. This test is crucial for early and accurate diagnosis, which is essential for managing these fatal neurological conditions.

Frequently asked questions

What is the purpose of the RT-QuIC test?
The RT-QuIC test is used to diagnose prion diseases by detecting misfolded prion proteins in CSF or tissue samples.
How reliable is the RT-QuIC test?
RT-QuIC is highly sensitive and specific, making it a reliable tool for diagnosing prion diseases when interpreted in the context of clinical findings.
  1. 1
    Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion Assay for Detection of CJD and Other Prion DiseasesSource
  2. 2
    Prion Diseases and RT-QuIC: A Review of Diagnostic UtilitySource

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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

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If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 25, 2026. · Read our editorial policy