Abnormal Fetal Genitourinary System Morphology C5676871
An abnormality in the development of an unborn baby's kidneys, bladder, or reproductive organs. Depending on severity, it may resolve on its own or require pediatric urology care after delivery.
Key facts at a glance
- ICD-10
- N39.0
- ICD-11
- GA00.0
- Body system
- genitourinary
- Severity
- moderate
- Chronic
- true
Signs and symptoms
Common signs and symptoms that may indicate this condition.
Warning signs - seek immediate care
Oligohydramnios
Reduced amniotic fluid volume detected on prenatal ultrasound, often due to impaired fetal urine production from abnormal kidneys.
Immediately if detected during prenatal monitoring, as it can lead to pulmonary hypoplasia and other complications.
Pulmonary Hypoplasia
Underdeveloped lungs due to severe oligohydramnios limiting fetal breathing movements.
Urgent referral to tertiary care center with neonatal intensive care capabilities.
Fetal Hydronephrosis
(genitourinary)Swelling of the kidneys due to urine backup, visible on prenatal ultrasound as dilated renal pelvis and calyces.
Frequency: 50-60% of cases
Enlarged Fetal Bladder
(genitourinary)Distended bladder observed on ultrasound, often indicating bladder outlet obstruction or posterior urethral valves.
Frequency: 30-40% of cases
Abnormal Kidney Size
(genitourinary)Kidneys appearing smaller or larger than expected for gestational age on prenatal imaging.
Frequency: 40-50% of cases
Urinary Tract Dilation
(genitourinary)Dilatation of the ureters or renal collecting system seen on prenatal ultrasound.
Frequency: 35-45% of cases
Absent or Aplastic Kidneys
(genitourinary)Complete absence or severe underdevelopment of one or both kidneys detected on ultrasound.
Frequency: 5-10% of cases
Fetal Hypertension
(cardiovascular)Elevated blood pressure in the fetus, sometimes associated with renal abnormalities affecting fluid balance.
Frequency: 5-10% of cases
Ambiguous Genitalia
(genitourinary)External genitalia appearing neither typically male nor female on prenatal ultrasound.
Frequency: 2-5% of cases
Diagnosis and tests
How this condition is diagnosed and what test results mean.
Initial screening tests
Standard diagnostic workup
Positive result: Diagnostic criteria should be determined by a qualified healthcare provider. [Content pending medical review.]
Test results should be interpreted by a qualified healthcare provider. [Content pending medical review.]
Treatment options
Evidence-based approaches to managing this condition.
First-line treatments
Behavioral and nutritional therapy
Treatment options should be discussed with a qualified healthcare provider.
Renal Ultrasound Surveillance
Serial fetal renal ultrasound assessments to monitor kidney size, cortical thickness, and urinary bladder filling. Evaluates for hydronephrosis, renal agenesis, or cystic kidney disease.
Amniotic Fluid Volume Assessment
Careful monitoring of amniotic fluid levels (oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios) which directly reflects fetal urinary output and kidney function, critical for lung development.
Additional treatment options
Vesicoamniotic Shunting Evaluation
Assessment of fetal bladder outlet obstruction eligibility for in-utero vesicoamniotic shunt placement to relieve urinary obstruction and prevent kidney damage and lung hypoplasia.
procedureGenetic and Chromosomal Testing
Comprehensive genetic evaluation including karyotype and microarray testing given association between genitourinary anomalies and chromosomal abnormalities such as trisomies.
monitoringPediatric Urology Consultation
Prenatal consultation with pediatric urologist to plan postnatal evaluation and surgical management strategy for genitourinary anomalies requiring reconstructive procedures.
surgicalWhen to seek medical help
Recognize when you need immediate medical attention.
Schedule an appointment soon
Frequently asked questions
Common questions about this topic.
What is Abnormal Fetal Genitourinary System Morphology C5676871?
Please consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalized medical information about this condition. [Content pending medical review.]
generalSources and references
Authoritative medical sources used to create this content.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice Bulletin No. 204: Fetal Growth Restriction. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2019;133(2):e97-e109.
Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine. Consult Series #4: Second-trimester ultrasound screening for fetal anomalies. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2018;218(2):B1-B13.
International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. ISUOG Practice Guidelines: Role of ultrasound in screening for fetal anomalies. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2020;56(1):136-144.
Di Renzo GC, Luzietti R, Burrini D, Montagnoli C. Prenatal diagnosis of renal and urinary tract malformations. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2021;33(2):77-86.
American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine. AIUM Practice Parameter for the Performance of Obstetric Ultrasound Examinations. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 2020;39(1):E1-E16.
Mansouri M, Nejad RK, Karimi F, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in detection of fetal renal anomalies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Ultrasound. 2022;50(5):645-658.
Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, et al. Williams Obstetrics. 25th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2018. Chapter 28: Prenatal Diagnosis.
European Association of Urology. Guidelines on Pediatric Urology. 2023. Section 3: Antenatal Hydronephrosis.
Morris RK, Malin GL, Quinlan-Jones E, et al. The PELVIS (Pelvic Ultrasound in Antenatal Detection of Hydronephrosis) Study: Evaluation of a standardized protocol. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2021;58(4):585-594.
Medication Comparisons
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Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 20, 2026. · Read our editorial policy