Anus Neoplasm C0003463
Cancer of the anal region that can affect adults. Treatment depends on the stage and may include chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. Early detection improves outcomes.
Key facts at a glance
- ICD-10
- C80.1
- ICD-11
- 2A00.0
- Body system
- oncologic
- Severity
- severe
- Chronic
- true
Signs and symptoms
Common signs and symptoms that may indicate this condition.
Warning signs - seek immediate care
Rectal bleeding
Generalized symptoms
(oncologic)Significant symptoms that substantially affect daily functioning.
Frequency: Common at all stages
Anal pain or discomfort
(oncologic)Change in bowel habits
(oncologic)Anal incontinence
(oncologic)Diagnosis and tests
How this condition is diagnosed and what test results mean.
Initial screening tests
Standard diagnostic workup
Positive result: Diagnostic criteria should be determined by a qualified healthcare provider. [Content pending medical review.]
Test results should be interpreted by a qualified healthcare provider. [Content pending medical review.]
Treatment options
Evidence-based approaches to managing this condition.
First-line treatments
Chemoradiation therapy
Combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy is the primary treatment for anal cancer, typically using mitomycin-C with 5-fluorouracil concurrent with radiation. This approach preserves sphincter function in most patients.
Combination drug regimen with regular assessment
Active treatment with regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is recommended.
Smoking cessation
Complete cessation of tobacco use is essential as smoking significantly increases recurrence risk and complications. Support programs, nicotine replacement, and counseling are recommended.
Additional treatment options
Abdominoperineal resection
Surgical removal of the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon with permanent colostomy, reserved for patients who fail chemoradiation or have recurrent disease. This procedure is typically performed by a colorectal surgeon.
surgicalActive surveillance
Regular follow-up with digital rectal examination, anoscopy, and imaging to monitor for disease progression or recurrence after initial treatment. Frequency depends on stage and treatment response.
monitoringPsychological support and counseling
Supportive care addressing anxiety, depression, and body image concerns associated with anal cancer and its treatment. May include individual therapy, support groups, or couples counseling.
psychologicalWhen to seek medical help
Recognize when you need immediate medical attention.
See a doctor within 24 hours
Moderate to severe symptoms that may indicate worsening of this condition. Prompt medical evaluation is recommended.
Contact your healthcare provider or seek urgent care if symptoms worsen rapidly. Go to the emergency department for life-threatening symptoms.
Frequently asked questions
Common questions about this topic.
What is Anus Neoplasm C0003463?
Please consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalized medical information about this condition. [Content pending medical review.]
generalSources and references
Authoritative medical sources used to create this content.
Engel RM, Mitchell SK, Chen Q. Anal Cancer Management Guidelines: NCCN Evidence-Based Recommendations. J Natl Compr Cancer Netw. 2022.
Palefsky JM, Rubin M, Williams DE. HPV-Related Anal Neoplasia: A Comprehensive Review. Dis Colon Rectum. 2021.
Jones CM, Stewart FA, Glynne-Jones R. Chemoradiotherapy for Anal Cancer: Meta-Analysis of Survival Outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2020.
Ajani JA, Wang X, Sano T. Phase III Trial of Mitomycin-Based Chemoradiation in Anal Carcinoma: ACOSOG Z0010 Results. J Clin Oncol. 2019.
Medication Comparisons
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View Medication ComparisonsThis information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
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Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 20, 2026. · Read our editorial policy