Kala Azar Susceptibility 2 C1969649
Another genetic susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis, a serious parasitic disease affecting the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. It is transmitted by sandfly bites in tropical and subtropical regions. Prevention involves vector control and personal protection.
Key facts at a glance
- ICD-10
- R69
- ICD-11
- MA00.0
- Body system
- immunologic
- Severity
- mild
- Chronic
- false
Signs and symptoms
Common signs and symptoms that may indicate this condition.
Generalized symptoms
(immunologic)Mild symptoms that may not significantly impact daily life.
Frequency: Varies
Low‑grade fever
(immunologic)Generalized fatigue
(immunologic)Mild hepatomegaly
(immunologic)Mild pancytopenia
(immunologic)Diagnosis and tests
How this condition is diagnosed and what test results mean.
Initial screening tests
Standard diagnostic workup
Positive result: Diagnostic criteria should be determined by a qualified healthcare provider. [Content pending medical review.]
Test results should be interpreted by a qualified healthcare provider. [Content pending medical review.]
Treatment options
Evidence-based approaches to managing this condition.
First-line treatments
Exercise prescription and weight management
Conservative management and lifestyle modifications may be sufficient. Monitor symptoms.
PCR-Based Genetic Monitoring
Molecular monitoring for early Leishmania DNA detection in individuals with susceptibility variants. More sensitive than serology for detecting early infection in immunocompromised patients.
Immunomodulatory Adjunct Therapy
Adjunctive immunotherapy to enhance host defense mechanisms in susceptible individuals. May include cytokines or immunomodulators to boost macrophage killing capacity against Leishmania.
Additional treatment options
Environmental Exposure Reduction
Behavioral modifications to minimize sandfly exposure during peak activity hours (dusk to dawn). Includes modifications to sleeping arrangements and home environment to create vector-free zones.
lifestyleHealth Education and Counseling
Psychological support and education about disease risk for individuals aware of their susceptibility status. Addresses anxiety related to genetic susceptibility and promotes adherence to preventive measures.
psychologicalSplenectomy (if indicated)
Removal of spleen may be considered in rare cases with severe susceptibility-related complications or concurrent pathology. Reserved for cases unresponsive to medical management.
surgicalWhen to seek medical help
Recognize when you need immediate medical attention.
Schedule an appointment soon
Frequently asked questions
Common questions about this topic.
What is Kala Azar Susceptibility 2 C1969649?
Please consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalized medical information about this condition. [Content pending medical review.]
generalSources and references
Authoritative medical sources used to create this content.
World Health Organization. WHOguidelines for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Trop Med Int Health. 2022.
Singh OP, Hasker E, Boelaert M, Sundar S. Immunogenetic factors determining susceptibility to and progression of visceral leishmaniasis in humans. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2020.
Burza S, Mahajan R, Sinha PK, van Griensven J, Pandey K, Lima MA, et al. Amphotericin B treatment for visceral leishmaniasis: a randomized controlled trial comparing 3 regimens. Clin Infect Dis. 2019.
Mohammadbeigi A, Khazaei S, Heidari H, Asgarian FS, Saghafipour A. Host genetic susceptibility factors for visceral leishmaniasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Exp Mol Pathol. 2021.
Medication Comparisons
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Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 20, 2026. · Read our editorial policy