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Homovanillic Acid (HVA) in Urine

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of homovanillic acid, a breakdown product of dopamine, in your urine over a 24-hour period. It helps assess dopamine metabolism and may be used to evaluate conditions affecting neurotransmitter function.

Quick summary

["This test can help diagnose or monitor conditions linked to dopamine or neurotransmitter imbalances."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
50137-9
Short code
3Me4OH-phenylglycol Ur-sRate
Synonyms
3Me4OH-phenylglycol Ur-sRate
Category
glucose
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like movement disorders, mood changes, or neurological concerns that could be linked to dopamine-related issues. It may also be used in research or specialized clinical settings to study neurotransmitter pathways.

What Does the Test Measure?

Homovanillic acid (HVA) is a chemical produced when dopamine, a brain chemical involved in movement and mood, breaks down. Measuring HVA in urine helps track how efficiently your body processes dopamine.

Sample Collection and Preparation

You’ll collect a 24-hour urine sample, starting and ending at the same time each day. Store the urine in a refrigerator or freezer until you bring it to the lab for testing.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but you may be advised to avoid certain medications or supplements that could affect dopamine levels. Always follow your doctor’s instructions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: This test is primarily used in specialized medical contexts, such as diagnosing or monitoring conditions like Parkinson’s disease, dopamine-related neurological disorders, or certain psychiatric conditions. Elevated or low levels may indicate imbalances in dopamine metabolism that require further evaluation.

Short name

Urine HVA

Frequently asked questions

What causes abnormal HVA levels?
Abnormal HVA levels can result from conditions affecting dopamine production, metabolism, or excretion. For example, low levels may be seen in Parkinson’s disease or other dopamine deficiency disorders, while high levels could suggest certain metabolic or neurological conditions. Always discuss results with your healthcare provider.
How long does it take to get results?
Test results typically take several days to a week to process and return, depending on lab workload and your healthcare provider’s request. Your doctor will contact you once results are available.
Can diet or medications affect this test?
Yes, certain foods, supplements, or medications—such as those containing dopamine or related neurotransmitters—may influence HVA levels. Your doctor will provide specific guidance to ensure accurate results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy