Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (A1AT) Serum Electrophoresis
This test measures the distribution of proteins in your blood using electrophoresis, a technique that separates proteins based on size and charge. It helps identify abnormal patterns that may indicate conditions affecting protein levels, such as Alpha-1 Antitrypsin deficiency.
["Electrophoresis helps detect unusual protein patterns that could signal underlying health concerns."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 98992-1
- Short code
- A1acid Glycoprotein MFr SerPl Elph
- Synonyms
- A1acid Glycoprotein MFr SerPl Elph
- Category
- glucose
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 7.35
- Ref high
- 7.45
- Critical range
- 7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What This Test Measures
Electrophoresis sorts proteins in your serum into bands, allowing doctors to observe how different protein types are distributed. This can reveal shifts in protein concentration that might not be visible in standard blood tests. For example, it may show reduced levels of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin or other proteins if they are missing or altered due to disease.
Why It’s Done
Doctors may order this test if you have symptoms like chronic lung disease, liver problems, or unexplained protein abnormalities. It helps diagnose conditions like Alpha-1 Antitrypsin deficiency, which can lead to lung or liver disease, or other hereditary protein disorders.
How It Works
A small blood sample is drawn and placed in an electric field. Proteins move toward the opposite charge, creating distinct bands that represent different protein types. This visual separation helps identify any unusual patterns or imbalances.
Preparation
No special preparation is needed, but fasting may not be required unless instructed by your healthcare provider. Wear a hospital gown for the blood draw.
Reference range
NCBI: pH 7.35-7.45N/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Clinical Significance
Short name
A1AT Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
This test is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions where protein patterns differ from normal. For example, Alpha-1 Antitrypsin deficiency causes a distinct band shift, making it easier to confirm the diagnosis and guide treatment decisions.
How long will results take?
What does a normal result mean?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy