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Alpha-1 Antitrypsin, Serum/Plasma — Electrophoresis, Mass Concentration

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This blood test measures the amount of alpha-1 antitrypsin, a protein that helps protect the lungs and liver from damage.

Quick summary

["The result can help identify alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, an inherited condition that may increase the risk of lung and liver disease."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
98994-7
Short code
A1AT SerPl Elph-mCnc
Synonyms
A1AT SerPl Elph-mCnc
Category
liver
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What is this test?

This test measures the concentration of alpha-1 antitrypsin in your blood. This protective protein is made mainly by the liver and helps prevent damage to lung tissue.

Why might I need this test?

Your doctor may order this test if you have unexplained liver disease, chronic lung disease, or a family history of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. It may also be used to monitor someone with a known low alpha-1 antitrypsin level.

How is the test performed?

A blood sample is collected and analyzed using electrophoresis, which separates proteins so alpha-1 antitrypsin can be identified and measured. The sample may be tested as serum or plasma, depending on the laboratory.

How do I prepare for the test?

This test usually requires no special preparation. Follow your doctor's instructions and tell the laboratory if you are pregnant or have recently received a blood or plasma transfusion, because these factors may affect the results.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

A low alpha-1 antitrypsin level may indicate an inherited deficiency, which can allow substances in the lungs to cause inflammation and scarring over time. The condition can also be associated with liver disease. An unexpectedly low or high result should be interpreted by your doctor in light of your symptoms, medical history, and other laboratory tests.

Short name

Alpha-1 antitrypsin test

Frequently asked questions

What does alpha-1 antitrypsin do?
Alpha-1 antitrypsin is a protein that protects the lungs from inflammation and injury. It also helps limit damage to the liver.
Is alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency inherited?
It is usually inherited through changes in a gene called SERPINA1. A doctor or genetic counselor can explain inheritance patterns and whether family testing may be appropriate.
Does this test diagnose a specific lung or liver condition?
No. The result can identify low alpha-1 antitrypsin levels and may support evaluation for a deficiency, but your doctor must interpret it alongside your clinical findings and other tests.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy