Acanthocytesrbcnfrurnscomassist

What is this test?

The Acanthocyte/Erythrocyte test examines your urine sediment (the solid material that settles after urine is spun in a centrifuge) to identify and count acanthocytes, also known as echinocytes or burr cells. These are red blood cells that have an abnormal spherical shape with short, regular projections on their surface. The test uses computer-assisted technology to provide more accurate and standardized results compared to manual microscopic examination.

Why is it ordered?

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms of kidney or urinary tract problems, such as blood in urine (hematuria), protein in urine, swelling in hands or feet, high blood pressure, or changes in urination patterns. The test helps differentiate between types of urinary tract bleeding and can indicate whether the problem originates in the kidneys (glomerular) or in the urinary tract (non-glomerular).

How is the test performed?

A urine sample is collected, typically as a clean-catch midstream specimen to avoid contamination. The sample is centrifuged to separate the liquid from the solid sediment. The sediment is then examined under a microscope using computer-assisted image analysis software, which can identify and count acanthocytes with greater precision than traditional manual methods.

What do the results mean?

The presence of acanthocytes in urine (called acanthocyturia) is often associated with glomerular diseases, which affect the kidney's filtering units. A high number of acanthocytes typically suggests kidney damage, while the absence or low numbers of acanthocytes may indicate bleeding from elsewhere in the urinary tract. Your doctor will interpret results in context with other urine findings, your symptoms, and medical history.