Understanding Your Laboratory Test: What This Test Is, Why Your Doctor May Order It, and What Your Results Mean
This test detects antibodies against adrenal glands in your blood to help diagnose autoimmune Addison's disease.
{"Measures adrenal autoantibodies in blood serum","Used to diagnose autoimmune adrenalitis (Addison's disease)","Performed using immunofluorescence technique","Positive result indicates the immune system is attacking adrenal glands","Often ordered along with cortisol and ACTH tests"}
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 57745-2
- Short code
- ADRAB
- Synonyms
- Adrenal Ab Ser Ql IF
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Serum separator tube (SST) or red top tube
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 0
- Ref high
- 1
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- ≥ 0 years
- Method
- Immunofluorescence
- CPT
- 86255
- SNOMED
- 424775006
- Specimen volume
- 1.0 mL serum minimum (2.0 mL preferred)
- Stability
- Room temperature: 24 hours; Refrigerated (2-8°C): 7 days; Frozen (-20°C or below): 30 days. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
- Hemolysis max
- 50
- Lipemia max
- 300
- Icterus max
- 20
- TAT
- 72–168 hours
- Order
- routine
What is this test, and what does it measure or check for in my body?
The Adrenal Antibody test is a blood test that detects the presence of autoantibodies against adrenal gland tissue. These antibodies are produced by your immune system and mistakenly target the outer layer (cortex) of your adrenal glands. The test uses a technique called immunofluorescence to identify these specific antibodies in your serum sample.
Why might my doctor order this test, and what symptoms or health conditions can it help evaluate?
Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms of Addison's disease (adrenal insufficiency), such as extreme fatigue, weight loss, low blood pressure, darkening of the skin, or salt cravings. It helps determine if your condition is caused by an autoimmune reaction where your body attacks its own adrenal glands.
How is this test performed, and what should I expect before, during, and after the procedure?
A healthcare professional will draw a blood sample from a vein in your arm. The blood is then sent to a laboratory where it is processed to separate the serum. The serum is tested using immunofluorescence, which uses fluorescent dyes to detect specific antibodies binding to adrenal tissue antigens.
What do my test results mean, and how will my doctor use them to guide my care or treatment plan?
A positive result means adrenal antibodies were detected in your blood, suggesting an autoimmune process is attacking your adrenal glands. This supports a diagnosis of autoimmune Addison's disease. A negative result means no antibodies were detected, which could indicate your adrenal insufficiency has a different cause (such as infection, trauma, or pituitary problems).
Reference range
Negative: <1:10 titer; Positive: ≥1:10 titer (clinical correlation recommended)N/A
No special preparation required. Patient does not need to fast. Maintain standard hydration status.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
This test is primarily used to confirm autoimmune adrenalitis, which accounts for most cases of primary adrenal insufficiency in developed countries. The presence of adrenal autoantibodies indicates that the immune system is progressively destroying adrenal cortex cells, leading to reduced production of cortisol and aldosterone. Early detection is important for timely treatment and prevention of adrenal crisis. The test may also be used to monitor disease progression and in family screening, as relatives of patients with autoimmune Addison's disease have a higher risk of developing the condition.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need to fast before this test?
Are there any risks with this blood test?
How long does it take to get results?
Can medications affect my test results?
What happens if my test is positive?
Sources
- 1
- 2
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 14, 2026. · Read our editorial policy