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Alpha-Fetoprotein, Plasma — Substance Concentration

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

Measures the amount of alpha-fetoprotein in plasma. AFP is primarily used to help evaluate certain liver tumors and certain germ-cell tumors.

Quick summary

["An AFP blood test can help doctors evaluate certain liver and germ-cell tumors, but results must be interpreted alongside other findings."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
19173-4
Short code
AFP Plr-sCnc
Synonyms
AFP Plr-sCnc
Category
liver
Sample
fluid
Container
Sterile tube
Units
N/A
Ref low
0
Ref high
10
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
82105
SNOMED
394971007
Specimen volume
2-5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
300
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What is this test?

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein made mainly by the developing liver and yolk sac. A small amount can normally be present in the blood, and levels can also rise during pregnancy.

Why might I need this test?

This test may be used to help evaluate suspected liver cancer, track the response to treatment, or assess tumors of the testes, ovaries, or other germ-cell tissues. It is often interpreted with imaging and other laboratory results.

How is the test performed?

A blood sample is drawn, and the AFP concentration in the plasma is measured using a laboratory assay. No special equipment or procedure is needed from the patient beyond having blood drawn.

How do I prepare for the test?

You may be able to eat and drink normally unless your healthcare professional gives different instructions. If you are pregnant, tell the laboratory because pregnancy can affect AFP levels.

Reference range

Normal: <10 ng/mLN/A

Specimen: fluid

No special preparation required. For PSA, avoid sexual activity for 24-48 hours before the test.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP)

Frequently asked questions

Is a high AFP level proof that I have cancer?
No. Elevated AFP can result from several noncancerous conditions, including pregnancy and chronic liver disease. Doctors interpret it together with symptoms, imaging, and other test results.
Is this the same as the AFP screening test used in pregnancy?
It measures the same blood marker, but the interpretation and reference ranges may differ for pregnancy screening versus evaluation of tumors. The laboratory and your clinician can identify the appropriate context.
Does AFP test for all types of cancer?
No. AFP most often supports the evaluation of liver tumors and germ-cell tumors, but it is not a general screening test for every cancer and may be normal in some cancers.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy