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Newborn Screening Blood Test (Heel Stick): What Parents Need to Know

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects amphetamine and methamphetamine exposure in newborns by analyzing their first stool (meconium).

Quick summary

{"Tests for amphetamine drug exposure during pregnancy","Uses the baby's first stool (meconium) as the sample","Can detect drug use during the latter half of pregnancy","Helps identify newborns who may need special medical care","Results are typically available within a few days"}

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
26895-3
Short code
Amphetamines Mec-mCnt
Synonyms
Amphetamines Mec-mCnt
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What is the newborn screening blood test and what does it check for?

The Amphetamines in Meconium test is a screening test that detects whether a newborn baby was exposed to amphetamine-type stimulant drugs (such as methamphetamine or amphetamine) during pregnancy. It analyzes the baby's first stool, called meconium, which is dark and sticky and passes within the first few days after birth.

How does the newborn screening blood test work?

Meconium begins to form around the 12th week of pregnancy and accumulates drugs and their metabolites that cross the placenta. Unlike urine tests (which only detect recent use), meconium testing can detect drug exposure that occurred during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, providing a longer detection window.

How is the blood sample collected from my baby?

The sample is collected from the baby's first stool (meconium) usually within 24-72 hours after birth. Healthcare providers collect a small amount of meconium from the diaper and send it to a laboratory for analysis. The collection is safe and does not cause any discomfort to the baby.

Why might my newborn baby need this screening test?

This test may be ordered if: the mother has a history of amphetamine or methamphetamine use, there are signs of drug exposure in the newborn, or as part of routine screening in certain healthcare settings. Early detection helps healthcare providers give appropriate care and support to both the baby and family.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

A positive result indicates that the mother used amphetamine-type drugs during pregnancy, and the baby was exposed to these substances in utero. This information is important for: early intervention and appropriate medical care for the newborn, monitoring and managing potential withdrawal symptoms in the baby, connecting the family with support services, and informing pediatric care about potential health concerns.

Babies exposed to amphetamines in the womb may be at higher risk for certain health issues, including growth problems, developmental delays, and neonatal abstinence syndrome (withdrawal). Early identification allows healthcare providers to monitor and address these concerns promptly.

Frequently asked questions

Does a positive test mean the mother is currently using drugs?
No, the test detects past exposure during pregnancy, not current use. It cannot determine exactly when or how much drug was used, only that exposure occurred during the latter half of pregnancy.
Is this test mandatory?
Testing policies vary by location and healthcare facility. Some hospitals may include it as part of routine newborn screening, while others may only test if there is a specific concern based on the mother's history or the baby's symptoms.
Will the results be shared with authorities?
Test results are part of the baby's medical record and are kept confidential. Healthcare providers use the information to care for the baby. Specific reporting requirements vary by country and state; healthcare social workers can provide information about support services without necessarily involving law enforcement.
What happens if the test is positive?
If the test is positive, the healthcare team will monitor the baby for any signs of withdrawal or other health concerns. They may provide supportive care, and a social worker or care coordinator will likely speak with the family about resources and support services available.
Can the test be wrong?
Like all tests, there is a small possibility of false positive or false negative results. False positives can occur due to certain medications or foods. If the result is unexpected, healthcare providers may discuss repeating the test or using additional testing methods.
  1. 1
    March of Dimes - Substance Use During PregnancySource
  2. 2
    American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists - Substance AbuseSource
  3. 3
    National Institute on Drug Abuse - Pregnancy and Substance UseSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy