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Bilirubin, Total (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down, and it helps the liver process waste products.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin helps your liver remove waste and supports healthy digestion."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
20721-7
Short code
BRUCAB
Synonyms
B abortus Ab Smn Ql Aggl
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Sterile, wide-mouth, leak-proof specimen container for semen collection
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
male
Age range
≥ 18 years
Method
Agglutination
CPT
86622
SNOMED
419911007
Specimen volume
1-2 mL of ejaculated semen
Stability
Refrigerated (2-8°C): 24 hours; Frozen (-20°C or below): up to 7 days; Do not freeze-thaw repeatedly
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
24–72 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Your doctor may order a total bilirubin test to check for liver disease, bile duct blockages, or red blood cell disorders. It can also help diagnose conditions like hepatitis, gallstones, or hemolytic anemia.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll typically have a small needle inserted into your arm to draw blood. No special preparation is needed, but avoid eating for 8–12 hours before testing if instructed.

What the Results Mean

Higher-than-normal levels may indicate liver problems, jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes), or other blood disorders. Lower levels might suggest liver disease or certain medications.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is often used alongside others to monitor liver function, detect jaundice in newborns, or evaluate conditions like cirrhosis or bile duct obstructions.

Reference range

NegativeN/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation required. Patient should refrain from ejaculation for 2-5 days prior to specimen collection to ensure adequate semen volume and quality.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total Bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

What causes bilirubin to rise?
Bilirubin can increase due to liver disease, blocked bile ducts, red blood cell breakdown (hemolysis), or certain medications. Jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes) is a classic sign of elevated bilirubin.
How often should I get this test?
Frequency depends on your health. Doctors may recommend regular checks if you have liver issues, gallbladder problems, or conditions like hemolytic anemia. Follow-up timing is personalized.
Can I eat before this test?
Most labs recommend fasting for 8–12 hours before drawing blood for bilirubin. Check with your doctor or lab for specific instructions.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy