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Anaerobic bacterial culture with aerobic comparison (blood or other sterile site)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test checks for bacteria in your blood or other sterile body fluids by growing them in controlled environments to identify potential infections.

Quick summary

["Helps diagnose infections caused by bacteria that thrive without oxygen or in comparison to those that need oxygen."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
75357-4
Short code
ABSCUL
Synonyms
Bacteria Absc Anaerobe+Aerobe Cult
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Sterile, leak-proof container; anaerobic transport system (e.g., BBL Port-A-Cul vial, Anaerobic Transport Medium); sterile syringe for aspirated pus; sterile swab in transport medium acceptable but less optimal
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
anaerobic-aerobic-culture
CPT
87075
SNOMED
441829007
Specimen volume
Minimum 1-2 mL of aspirated pus or tissue; swabs should be fully saturated; tissue specimens should be at least 0.5 g when possible
Stability
Transport to laboratory within 2 hours at room temperature for anaerobic culture; specimens in anaerobic transport medium stable at room temperature up to 24 hours; do not refrigerate specimens intended for anaerobic culture
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
48–240 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like fever, chills, or unexplained pain that could suggest an infection. It’s also used before surgeries or procedures to ensure no hidden bacteria are present.

What to Expect Before the Test

You may receive antibiotics beforehand to reduce the risk of contamination, but this doesn’t affect the test’s purpose. A healthcare professional will collect a blood or fluid sample (e.g., from an IV site, joint, or other sterile area).

What Happens During the Test

The sample is placed in special media where bacteria grow under two conditions: one with oxygen (aerobic) and one without (anaerobic). Results take days to weeks to appear, as bacteria must multiply.

What the Results Mean

Positive results show bacteria growing in either environment, confirming an infection. Negative results mean no bacteria were detected in the sample tested. Follow-up tests may be needed to identify specific bacteria or resistance patterns.

Reference range

No growth of pathogenic bacteria; normal/abscess flora reported as 'No aerobic or anaerobic pathogens isolated'N/A

Specimen: serum

No fasting required; specimen should be collected prior to initiation of antibiotic therapy whenever possible; if patient is already on antibiotics, document the specific antimicrobial agents and timing of last dose

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

This test is critical for diagnosing serious infections like sepsis, abscesses, or endocarditis. Identifying the type of bacteria helps guide antibiotic treatment, reducing risks of complications or antibiotic resistance.

Short name

Bacterial growth screening

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get results?
Results typically take 3–10 days or longer, depending on the lab and whether specific bacteria are identified. Some labs may provide preliminary findings sooner.
Can I take antibiotics before the test?
Yes, your provider may prescribe antibiotics before the test to prevent contamination, but this doesn’t affect the test’s accuracy. Always follow their instructions.
What if the test shows no bacteria?
If no bacteria are found, it may mean your infection is caused by viruses, fungi, or another type of microorganism. Your provider will determine the next steps based on your symptoms and medical history.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy