Bacteriathroatcult

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

A throat culture is a laboratory test that identifies bacteria causing infection in the throat, helping doctors diagnose conditions like strep throat.

Quick summary

{"A throat culture uses a swab from your throat to detect harmful bacteria","It helps diagnose bacterial infections such as streptococcus (strep throat)","Results typically take 24-48 hours to complete","The test is quick and may cause brief discomfort","Positive results help your doctor choose the right antibiotic treatment"}

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC: 626-2
Short code: THRCX
Synonyms: Bacteria Throat Cult
Category: chemistry
Sample: serum
Container: Sterile transport swab (Amies or Stuart's transport medium) or sterile collection container for expectorated/throat wash specimens
Units: N/A
Fasting: false
Population: adult
Sex: all
Age range: ≥ 0 years
Method: culture
CPT: 87070
SNOMED: 162130001
Specimen volume: One throat swab placed in transport medium
Stability: Room temperature: 24 hours; Refrigerated (2-8°C): 48 hours; Do not freeze. Inoculate to culture media as soon as possible for optimal recovery.
Hemolysis max: 500
Lipemia max: 1000
Icterus max: 500
TAT: 24–72 hours
Order: routine

What is this test?

A throat culture is a diagnostic test that collects a sample of cells and mucus from the back of your throat using a sterile swab. This sample is then sent to a laboratory where it is cultured (grown) to identify any bacteria present. The test helps doctors determine if a bacterial infection is causing your sore throat symptoms.

Why do I need this test?

Your doctor may order a throat culture if you have symptoms of a throat infection, such as sore throat, difficulty swallowing, fever, swollen lymph nodes, or white patches on your tonsils. This test helps distinguish between bacterial infections (which may need antibiotics) and viral infections (which typically resolve on their own).

How is the test performed?

During the test, you will be asked to open your mouth wide. A healthcare professional will use a sterile swab to gently rub the back of your throat and around your tonsils. The swab is then placed in a sterile container and sent to a laboratory for analysis. The procedure takes only a few seconds and may cause a brief gagging sensation.

How to prepare for the test?

No special preparation is needed for a throat culture. However, it is best to avoid eating, drinking, or brushing your teeth immediately before the test, as these activities may reduce the amount of bacteria collected. Inform your doctor if you have recently used any antibiotics or mouthwash, as these may affect the results.

Reference range

No growth of pathogenic bacteria; Normal upper respiratory flora may include viridans group streptococci, non-pathogenic Neisseria species, Corynebacterium species, and Staphylococcus epidermidisN/A

Specimen: serum

Patient should avoid eating, drinking, or using antiseptic mouthwash for at least 30 minutes prior to specimen collection. Antibiotic therapy should be noted as it may affect culture results.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get results?

Throat culture results typically take 24-48 hours. The bacteria need time to grow in the laboratory for proper identification. Some labs may offer rapid strep tests that provide results in minutes, but these are less comprehensive and may need to be confirmed by a full culture.

Does a throat culture hurt?

The throat swab may cause a brief discomfort or gagging sensation, but it is generally not painful. The procedure only takes a few seconds. Some people may experience mild soreness afterward, but this usually resolves quickly.

What happens if my test is positive?

If your throat culture is positive for bacteria like group A strep, your doctor will prescribe antibiotics. It is important to take the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if you start feeling better, to ensure the infection is fully cleared and to prevent antibiotic resistance.

Can I have a throat infection without a positive culture?

Yes, many throat infections are caused by viruses (such as those causing colds or flu) rather than bacteria. Viral infections do not respond to antibiotics and typically resolve with rest and supportive care. A negative culture helps guide appropriate treatment.

Are there any risks to this test?

Throat culture is a very safe procedure with minimal risks. The most common side effect is mild gagging during the sample collection. In rare cases, the swab may cause minor bleeding if the throat is already irritated. Serious complications are extremely uncommon.

Sources

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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy