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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a technique that separates proteins based on size and charge.

Quick summary

["This helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like infections, kidney disease, or certain cancers."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
2871-2
Short code
BETAG
Synonyms
B-Globulin SerPl Elph-mCnc
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Serum separator tube (SST) or red top tube
Units
N/A
Ref low
0.7
Ref high
1.1
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
CPT
84165
SNOMED
104682009
Specimen volume
1-2 mL of serum
Stability
Stable for 7 days at 2-8°C; for longer storage, freeze at -20°C
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into five main fractions: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins. Each fraction contains proteins with distinct roles, such as transporting nutrients, fighting infection, or maintaining fluid balance.

Why It’s Done

Your doctor may order this test to diagnose or monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, liver disease, or chronic infections. It can also help assess kidney function or detect unusual protein levels that might indicate genetic disorders.

Sample Preparation

A small blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The serum (liquid part of blood after clotting) is then analyzed in a lab to separate proteins by size and charge.

Common Conditions Monitored

Abnormal results may show elevated or low levels of specific protein groups, which can indicate conditions like immune system disorders, liver or kidney problems, or metabolic diseases.

Reference range

0.7-1.1 g/dL (varies by laboratory and electrophoresis method)N/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation required. Fasting is not necessary for beta globulin electrophoresis.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get results?
Results are usually available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Your doctor will discuss them with you during your follow-up visit.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
No special preparation is needed. You can eat and drink normally before your blood draw, but avoid smoking for 30 minutes before the test if possible.
What are the risks of blood drawing?
The most common risk is a slight bruise or soreness at the injection site. Rarely, you might experience fainting, excessive bleeding, or an infection. If you experience severe pain or swelling, contact your healthcare provider.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy