Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Bromocresol Purple Method)
This test measures the distribution of different protein fractions in your blood serum using electrophoresis with a bromocresol purple dye. It helps identify abnormalities in protein composition, which can indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders.
["This test helps doctors assess protein balance in your blood and spot potential health issues early."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 53772-0
- Short code
- UBGLOB
- Synonyms
- B-Globulin Ur Ql Elph
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- urine
- Container
- Sterile, leak-proof urine collection container; preferably a 24-hour collection container with preservative (thymol or toluene) if timed collection is ordered
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 0
- Ref high
- 5
- Critical range
- 7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 0–999 years
- Method
- electrophoresis
- CPT
- 84166
- SNOMED
- 313537005
- Specimen volume
- 10-50 mL random urine sample; for 24-hour collection, the entire volume should be submitted with total volume recorded
- Stability
- Stable for 2 hours at room temperature (15-25°C); refrigerate at 2-8°C for up to 24 hours; for prolonged storage beyond 24 hours, freeze at -20°C or below; avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles
- Hemolysis max
- 0
- Lipemia max
- 0
- Icterus max
- 0
- TAT
- 24–72 hours
- Order
- routine
What Proteins Does This Test Measure?
Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into groups based on size and electrical charge. Key fractions include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Each group contains proteins with distinct roles, such as transport, immune function, or blood clotting.
Why Might Your Doctor Order This Test?
Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, or signs of organ dysfunction. It’s also used to monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or chronic inflammation.
How Is the Test Performed?
A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum is separated and placed on a gel. An electric current is applied, causing proteins to migrate toward the opposite charge. The dye binds to each protein group, creating visible bands that are analyzed.
What Can Abnormal Results Indicate?
Abnormal patterns may show too many or too few protein bands. For example, a spike in gamma-globulins could suggest immune disorders, while a low albumin level might indicate liver or kidney problems. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.
Reference range
Beta globulin band: Normally absent or trace in urine. Healthy individuals excrete negligible amounts of beta globulins in urine. When present, it is reported qualitatively as detected or not detected, and if quantified, comprises <5% of total urinary protein.N/A
No special preparation required. Patient should maintain normal hydration unless instructed otherwise. First morning void is preferred for concentrated specimen analysis. Avoid strenuous exercise prior to collection as it may transiently increase urinary protein.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
◆Associated findings1
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
What does a protein electrophoresis test tell me about my blood?
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Can I eat or drink anything before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy