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Bilirubin Crystals, Urine — Qualitative Microscopy

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

Microscopic examination of urine for bilirubin crystals, which may be seen when excess bilirubin is present in the urine.

Quick summary

["Detecting bilirubin crystals in urine can indicate increased urinary bilirubin, often associated with impaired bile flow."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
5771-1
Short code
Bilirub Cry UrnS Ql Micro
Synonyms
Bilirub Cry UrnS Ql Micro
Category
liver
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
microscopy-light
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What is this test?

This test examines a urine sample under a microscope to identify bilirubin crystals. It is part of some microscopic urinalysis assessments.

Why might I need this test?

It may be ordered during a urinalysis, especially when urine is dark or there is concern about liver disease, gallbladder disease, or a blocked bile duct.

How is the test performed?

A urine specimen is collected and examined by a laboratory professional using microscopy to look for the characteristic appearance of bilirubin crystals.

How do I prepare for the test?

Follow your healthcare professional's collection instructions. Usually, a clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested as soon as possible.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Bilirubin crystals may indicate that unusually large amounts of bilirubin are being excreted in the urine. This can occur with conditions that increase bilirubin production or prevent bile from flowing normally, including some liver and gallbladder disorders. Results should be interpreted with the rest of the urinalysis and the person's medical history.

Short name

Urine Bilirubin Crystals

Frequently asked questions

What are bilirubin crystals?
They are microscopic forms of the yellow-brown pigment bilirubin. Their presence in urine may suggest increased bilirubin excretion.
What can cause bilirubin to appear in urine?
Increased bilirubin in urine may be associated with liver injury, impaired bile flow, or a blockage in the bile ducts. Other laboratory findings are needed to determine the cause.
Does a positive result mean I have a liver disease?
No. This finding alone does not diagnose liver disease. Your healthcare professional will consider symptoms, other laboratory results, and imaging or other tests as needed.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy