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Bromocresol Purple Protein Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures protein distribution in your blood using a technique called electrophoresis, which separates proteins based on size and charge. It helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, amyloidosis, or other disorders affecting blood proteins.

Quick summary

["This test helps doctors check for unusual protein patterns in your blood that could signal serious health issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
105018-6
Short code
KPC3
Synonyms
blaKPC-3 Islt/Spm Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Sterile, leak-proof container or bacterial transport medium; appropriate molecular testing transport tube if specified by laboratory
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
0–120 years
Method
molgen
CPT
87150
SNOMED
397329009
Specimen volume
1-2 mL of serum or 1-5 g of tissue/fluid; follow laboratory-specific requirements
Stability
Refrigerated (2-8°C) for up to 24 hours; if delayed testing, store frozen at -70°C or below for up to 30 days. DNA extracts may be stored at -20°C for extended periods
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–72 hours
Order
routine

What Does This Test Measure?

Electrophoresis separates proteins in your blood into different fractions (bands) based on their electrical charge and size. Bromocresol Purple dye binds to proteins, allowing visual identification of these bands. Key fractions include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal bands or patterns may suggest conditions like monoclonal gammopathy or protein disorders.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, bone pain, or if they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, amyloidosis, or chronic inflammatory diseases. It’s also used in follow-up for patients with known protein disorders.

How Is the Test Performed?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The serum or plasma is then placed in a gel and subjected to an electric current, causing proteins to migrate toward the opposite charge. After staining with bromocresol purple, the pattern of bands is analyzed under a microscope or imaging system.

What Are Common Results?

Normal results show distinct bands representing typical protein fractions. Abnormal results may show extra bands (monoclonal spikes), missing bands, or altered band patterns, which need further medical evaluation.

Reference range

Not detected (Negative for blaKPC-3 carbapenem resistance gene); Detected (Positive for blaKPC-3 carbapenem resistance gene)N/A

Specimen: serum

No special patient preparation required. Specimen should be collected prior to administration of antimicrobial agents when clinically feasible. For screening purposes, rectal, perianal, or stool specimens are preferred over serum. If serum is used, it should be collected during active bacteremia

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: This test is critical for diagnosing and monitoring conditions that alter protein production or distribution in the blood. For example, a prominent monoclonal spike in the gamma-globulin region may indicate multiple myeloma, while diffuse changes could suggest amyloidosis or other systemic diseases. Early detection improves treatment planning and patient outcomes.

Short name

BCP Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a ‘monoclonal spike’ on this test mean?
A monoclonal spike is an extra band seen in the gamma-globulin region, often caused by an abnormal protein produced by a single clone of plasma cells. This is commonly associated with multiple myeloma or other monoclonal gammopathies and requires further testing and evaluation by your doctor.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Your doctor will contact you once results are ready, so check with them for updates.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
No special preparation is needed for this test. You can eat and drink normally, as it’s a simple blood draw. However, inform your doctor about any medications or supplements you’re taking, as they may affect results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy