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Serum or plasma mass concentration of protein (e.g., albumin, globulin, or other proteins)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 17, 2026

This test measures the total amount of protein in your blood, often used to assess kidney function, liver health, or fluid balance.

Quick summary

["Protein levels help diagnose and monitor conditions like kidney disease or liver problems."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 17, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
35257-5
Short code
BNP SerPl-msCnc
Synonyms
BNP SerPl-msCnc
Category
coagulation
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
0
Ref high
100
Critical range
— – 500 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
83880
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why It’s Done

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like swelling, unexplained weight changes, fatigue, or if they suspect issues with your kidneys, liver, or heart. It can also help track how well certain treatments are working.

What to Expect

A small blood sample is taken from your arm, usually at a lab or clinic. The blood is processed to separate serum or plasma, then analyzed for protein content. Results are typically ready within a few days.

Normal vs. Abnormal Results

While specific ranges vary by lab, lower protein levels may indicate conditions like malnutrition, kidney disease, or severe infections. Higher levels could suggest dehydration, inflammation, or certain cancers.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is often used to monitor kidney function (e.g., proteinuria), liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), or fluid retention (e.g., heart failure). It may also help diagnose conditions like multiple myeloma or severe infections.

Reference range

Normal: <100 pg/mLN/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation required. Inform provider of any chest pain or symptoms.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Abnormal protein levels can signal underlying health issues. Low protein levels may reflect poor nutrient absorption, organ dysfunction, or chronic disease. High levels might indicate dehydration, immune responses, or metabolic disorders. Always discuss results with your healthcare provider for personalized interpretation.

Short name

Protein Level

Frequently asked questions

What causes low protein levels?
Low protein levels can result from kidney disease (where proteins leak into urine), liver disease (where protein production is impaired), malnutrition, severe infections, or certain medications. Lifestyle factors like excessive alcohol use or poor diet may also play a role.
What causes high protein levels?
High protein levels may occur due to dehydration, inflammation, or conditions like multiple myeloma (a blood cancer). Rarely, it could indicate metabolic disorders or certain types of kidney disease. Stress or trauma can also temporarily raise protein levels.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine the frequency based on your health status, symptoms, or treatment plan. Routine checks may be needed if you have chronic conditions like kidney or liver disease. Follow-up tests are often scheduled every few months or as needed.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy