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Cytological Examination of Cells from Whole Blood (for Malignancy Screening)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test examines cells collected from your blood to check for abnormal or cancerous cells, often as part of a cancer screening or diagnostic evaluation.

Quick summary

["A blood cell check can help detect early signs of conditions like leukemia or other blood-related cancers."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
26921-7
Short code
CD2CD26
Synonyms
CD2+CD26+ Cells # Bld
Category
chemistry
Sample
whole-blood
Container
EDTA (lavender/purple-top) tube for whole blood flow cytometry; sodium heparin (green-top) tube is also acceptable for immunophenotyping
Units
N/A
Ref low
20
Ref high
100
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
Flow cytometry using fluorescently labeled monoclonal antibodies against CD2 and CD26 surface markers, with absolute counting performed using TruCount beads or a hematology analyzer-based lymphocyte count
CPT
86355
SNOMED
26921-7
Specimen volume
3-5 mL whole blood for adult samples; minimum 1 mL for pediatric samples
Stability
Sample should be processed within 24-48 hours of collection when stored at room temperature (18-25°C). Refrigeration at 2-8°C is not recommended for lymphocyte subset analysis as it may affect cell viability and surface marker expression. Some validated protocols allow up to 72 hours.
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
24–72 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, frequent infections, or unusual bruising. It may also be part of routine cancer screening, especially for high-risk individuals or those with a family history of blood cancers.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll have a small needle inserted into your arm to draw blood. The process usually takes a few minutes. If you’re nervous, let your provider know—they can help make it more comfortable.

During the Test

The blood sample is sent to a lab, where trained technicians examine cells under a microscope. They look for abnormal shapes, sizes, or behaviors that might indicate cancer or other blood disorders.

What the Results Mean

Results can be normal (no cancer detected) or abnormal (suspicious cells found). Abnormal results may prompt further testing, like a bone marrow biopsy, to get a clearer picture. Your provider will discuss the results with you.

Reference range

Reference ranges vary by laboratory and instrumentation. CD2+CD26+ lymphocyte absolute counts are typically reported as cells/μL. Published adult reference ranges for CD26+ T cells generally fall between 20-100 cells/μL, with CD2+CD26+ double-positive cells representing a subset of activated T lymphocytes.N/A

Specimen: whole-blood

No fasting required. Patient should be well-hydrated. Avoid strenuous exercise prior to collection as it may transiently affect lymphocyte subset distribution. Sample should be collected before 10:00 AM when possible, as circadian variation affects lymphocyte counts.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Blood Cell Screening (Cytology)

Frequently asked questions

What does this test measure?
This test doesn’t measure a single substance or enzyme but instead evaluates the overall appearance and count of cells in your blood. It’s primarily used to detect abnormal cell growth, which can signal cancer or other blood disorders.
How often should I get this test?
The frequency depends on your health status, risk factors, and symptoms. Your provider will determine how often this test is needed based on your individual care plan.
Can I prepare for this test at home?
No special preparation is required, but avoid taking certain medications (like blood thinners) if your provider instructs you to. Always follow their guidance before the test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy