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Total Protein in Serum or Plasma

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of protein in your blood, which includes albumin and other proteins like globulins. Proteins help maintain fluid balance, support immune function, and transport nutrients.

Quick summary

["Total protein levels can indicate overall health, hydration status, or potential liver/kidney issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
103142-6
Short code
CFDonorDNA
Synonyms
cfDNA.dnr/total p trnsplt NFr Bld Seq
Category
chemistry
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Streck Cell-Free DNA BCT tube (or equivalent cfDNA preservation tube); alternatively EDTA plasma with rapid processing
Units
N/A
Ref low
0
Ref high
0.5
Critical range
— – 5 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
0–120 years
Method
sequencing
CPT
81479 (unlisted molecular pathology procedure) or 0493U (cfDNA transplant rejection test, proprietary assays)
SNOMED
446080006 |Molecular genetic test|
Specimen volume
10 mL whole blood
Stability
Ambient: 7 days in Streck BCT; Refrigerated: 7 days; Plasma separated and frozen at -20°C or below for up to 6 months
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
48–168 hours
Order
routine

What Does Total Protein Measure?

Total protein is the sum of all protein molecules in your blood, including albumin (which helps keep fluids in your blood vessels) and globulins (which support immune function and blood clotting). This test doesn’t distinguish between different types of proteins, so it provides a general overview of protein levels in your serum or plasma.

Why Might Your Doctor Order This Test?

Your doctor may check total protein levels if you have symptoms like swelling (edema), unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or signs of liver or kidney disease. It can also help monitor conditions like malnutrition, kidney function, or certain infections.

What to Expect Before or After the Test

No special preparation is usually needed, but you may fast for 8–12 hours before the test if your doctor specifies. Blood is drawn from a vein in your arm. The process is quick and typically painless. Results are used to guide further medical decisions.

Common Conditions Affecting Results

Low total protein levels may suggest malnutrition, liver disease, kidney problems, or severe infections. High levels could indicate dehydration, multiple myeloma (a blood cancer), or certain inflammatory conditions. Always discuss your results with your healthcare provider.

Reference range

Donor-derived cfDNA fraction (dd-cfDNA%) is typically reported as a percentage of total cfDNA. Values <0.5% are generally considered low risk for acute rejection in solid organ transplant recipients. Reference thresholds vary by organ type (kidney, heart, liver, lung).N/A

Specimen: whole-blood

No special patient preparation required. Standard venipuncture is performed. Recent transfusions, surgery, or infection may influence results and should be noted on the requisition.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

FAQs About Total Protein Testing

Short name

Total Protein

Frequently asked questions

What does a high total protein level mean?
A high total protein level can result from conditions like dehydration, certain cancers (like multiple myeloma), or chronic inflammation. It may also occur if your body is producing too much protein. Your doctor will consider your symptoms and other test results to determine the cause.
Can diet affect my total protein test results?
Diet can influence protein levels, especially if you have conditions like kidney disease or malnutrition. Eating a balanced diet with adequate protein is important for overall health, but your doctor may recommend specific dietary adjustments based on your test results and medical history.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine how often you need this test based on your health status, symptoms, or ongoing treatment. Regular monitoring may be recommended for chronic conditions like kidney disease or liver issues. Follow their guidance for the best care plan.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy