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Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (A1AT) Serum Concentration

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the level of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin, a protein produced mainly in the liver that helps protect the lungs from damage caused by enzymes released during inflammation.

Quick summary

["Alpha-1 Antitrypsin levels help assess lung and liver health, especially in conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or emphysema."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
57037-4
Short code
Chr 13+18+21+X+Y aneup Amn
Synonyms
Chr 13+18+21+X+Y aneup Amn
Category
chemistry
Sample
fluid
Container
Sterile tube
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
molgen
Specimen volume
2-5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
300
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin is crucial for lung and liver protection. Low levels can increase your risk of lung diseases like emphysema or liver disorders. This test helps doctors monitor these risks and guide treatment if needed.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is usually required, but you may need to fast for 8–12 hours before your blood draw if your lab uses a fasting protocol. Wear a loose shirt for easy access to your arm.

How the Test Works

A small amount of blood is drawn from a vein in your arm. The blood is sent to a lab, where it is analyzed to measure Alpha-1 Antitrypsin levels using an immunoassay method.

What the Results Mean

Results are compared to a general reference range, but your doctor will interpret them in the context of your health history and symptoms. Very low levels may indicate genetic disorders or liver disease.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin

Frequently asked questions

What causes low Alpha-1 Antitrypsin levels?
Low levels can be caused by genetic mutations (e.g., Alpha-1 Antitrypsin deficiency), chronic liver disease, or certain medications. If you have a family history of lung or liver disease, this test may be recommended.
What symptoms might this test detect?
This test helps identify early signs of lung diseases like emphysema or chronic bronchitis, as well as liver damage. Symptoms such as persistent coughing, shortness of breath, or fatigue may prompt testing.
How often should this test be done?
Your doctor will determine the frequency based on your health status. For those with a genetic risk, testing may be done every few years or more often if symptoms develop.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy