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Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (A1AT) Mass Concentration in Serum

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This blood test measures the amount of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin, a protein that helps protect your lungs and liver from damage caused by enzymes released during inflammation.

Quick summary

["A1AT helps prevent lung and liver diseases; low levels may indicate genetic disorders or chronic inflammation."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
57317-0
Short code
Chr 13+18+21+X+Y aneup Amn/CVS FISH
Synonyms
Chr 13+18+21+X+Y aneup Amn/CVS FISH
Category
chemistry
Sample
fluid
Container
Sterile tube
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
fish
Specimen volume
2-5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
300
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like chronic cough, wheezing, or liver problems, or if you have a family history of conditions like alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. It may also be used to monitor lung or liver health in people with known risk factors.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but avoid smoking for 12 hours before the test if it affects lung-related tests. Fasted or non-fasted blood draws are typically acceptable.

What Happens During the Test?

A small needle will be used to draw blood from a vein in your arm. You may feel a brief pinch, but the process usually takes just a few minutes. The blood sample will be sent to a lab for analysis.

What Do the Results Mean?

Results are compared to a general reference range for healthy adults. Very low levels may suggest genetic disorders or conditions like emphysema or cirrhosis. High levels may indicate certain liver diseases or infections.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (A1ATD) is a genetic condition where the body produces insufficient A1AT, leading to lung diseases (e.g., emphysema) and liver damage. Early diagnosis can help manage symptoms and prevent complications. This test is critical for identifying A1ATD in individuals with symptoms or a family history of lung or liver disease.

Short name

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Level

Frequently asked questions

What causes low Alpha-1 Antitrypsin levels?
Low levels can be caused by genetic mutations (alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency), chronic lung diseases, liver diseases, or certain medications. If you have a family history of lung or liver issues, this test may be recommended to check for genetic factors.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine the frequency based on your health status, symptoms, and risk factors. People with known A1AT deficiency may need regular monitoring, while others may only need testing if symptoms appear or if they have risk factors like smoking.
Can diet or lifestyle changes affect A1AT levels?
While diet and lifestyle (e.g., smoking, alcohol) can influence lung and liver health, they do not directly alter A1AT levels. However, managing conditions like chronic inflammation or liver disease through diet and avoiding smoking may help overall health.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy