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Serum or Plasma Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, separated by size and charge. It helps identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders.

Quick summary

["This test helps diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein balance in your blood."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
73897-1
Short code
Chronic lyme dis Pnl Bld FC
Synonyms
Chronic lyme dis Pnl Bld FC
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
flow-cytometry
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Electrophoresis separates proteins into bands based on their electrical charge and size. Key protein fractions include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal patterns may suggest conditions like infections, inflammation, or genetic disorders.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your doctor may order this test to check for conditions like multiple myeloma (cancer of plasma cells), liver disease, kidney disease, or autoimmune disorders. It’s also used to monitor treatment responses.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate serum or plasma for analysis. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on your doctor’s instructions.

What to Expect During the Test

The test involves applying the separated protein bands to a gel or membrane and running an electric current to separate them. Results are interpreted by comparing the pattern to normal ranges.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a protein electrophoresis test measure?
It measures the distribution and concentration of different protein fractions in your blood, helping identify potential health conditions affecting protein balance.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times and whether confirmatory follow-up tests are needed.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Follow your doctor’s instructions, but generally, no special diet is required unless specified. Avoid alcohol or certain medications that may affect protein levels before the test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy