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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.

Quick summary

["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
33547-1
Short code
CK-AB CFr SerPl Elph
Synonyms
CK-AB CFr SerPl Elph
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
22
Ref high
198
Critical range
7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
CPT
82553
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into five main fractions: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins (immunoglobulins). Each fraction has a distinct electrical charge and moves at different speeds through a gel during the test.

Why It’s Done

Your doctor may order this test to diagnose or monitor conditions affecting protein levels, such as infections, autoimmune diseases, or cancers like lymphoma or multiple myeloma. It can also help assess liver or kidney function.

Preparation

No special preparation is needed, but fasting is not required. If you’re on blood thinners or have a history of bleeding disorders, let your doctor know before the test.

What to Expect

A small blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The sample is sent to a lab where proteins are separated using an electric current. Results are typically ready within a few days.

Reference range

Adult males: 22-198 U/L; Females: 22-198 U/LN/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation required. Inform provider of any chest pain or symptoms.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Abnormal protein patterns may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma (excess gamma globulins), liver disease (reduced albumin), or chronic infections (increased acute-phase proteins).
This test does not provide specific numeric values for each protein fraction, but patterns are compared to standard references to identify abnormalities.
How long will I need to wait for results?
Results are usually available within 2–5 business days, depending on lab processing times. Your doctor will discuss findings during your follow-up visit.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
No special diet is required. You can eat and drink normally, as fasting is not necessary for this test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy