Serum or plasma protein electrophoresis with bromocresol green and bromocresol purple staining

What This Test Measures

Protein electrophoresis splits blood proteins into fractions based on their electrical charge and size. Key bands include albumin (fast-moving), alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins (slowest). Bromocresol green and purple dyes stain specific protein groups for detailed analysis.

Why It’s Done

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, or signs of organ dysfunction. It’s also used to monitor treatment responses in conditions like multiple myeloma or chronic liver disease.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in the arm. The blood is then separated into serum (liquid after clotting) or plasma (liquid after anticoagulant use) for testing. The sample is sent to a lab where proteins are separated by electrophoresis and stained for analysis.

Interpreting Results

Results show the relative amounts of each protein fraction. Abnormal spikes or dips may indicate conditions like monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma), liver disease, or inflammatory states. Your doctor will compare these findings to your clinical picture.