Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Antibody, IgG and IgA (Serum/Plasma)

What Does This Test Measure?

The test looks for two types of antibodies—IgG and IgA—that your body produces in response to CMV infection. IgG antibodies typically appear after an initial infection and can last for years, while IgA antibodies may indicate recent or active infection and are less common but can be present in some cases.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Doctors may order this test if you have symptoms like fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, or organ damage that could be linked to CMV. It’s also used in people with weakened immune systems (e.g., those with HIV/AIDS, undergoing chemotherapy, or transplant recipients) to check for CMV infection before or after treatment.

Who Typically Needs This Test?

High-risk groups, such as pregnant women (to check for CMV exposure that could affect the baby), people with HIV or other immune disorders, and those receiving organ transplants, often get this test. It may also be part of routine monitoring for those with recurrent infections.

What Does a Positive Result Mean?

A positive result means your body has detected CMV antibodies, suggesting past exposure or current infection. However, the presence of IgG alone doesn’t always indicate an active infection; IgA antibodies may indicate recent exposure or active disease, especially in immunocompromised individuals.