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Cortisol (Salivary, Free)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of free cortisol, a hormone produced by your adrenal glands, in your saliva. It helps assess cortisol levels over a 24-hour period, which can be useful for diagnosing conditions like Cushing’s syndrome or adrenal insufficiency.

Quick summary

["Salivary cortisol testing helps evaluate hormone balance and potential adrenal or pituitary disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
58645-3
Short code
Cortis 12 PM Sal-sCnc
Synonyms
Cortis 12 PM Sal-sCnc
Category
hormone
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight changes, fatigue, high blood pressure, or signs of hormonal imbalances. It can also be used to monitor conditions like Cushing’s disease or Addison’s disease.

How Is the Test Performed?

You’ll collect saliva samples over a 24-hour period, typically by spitting into a container at regular intervals. The samples are then sent to the lab for analysis.

What Does the Result Mean?

Salivary cortisol results help determine if your cortisol levels are too high or too low. Abnormal results may indicate hormonal imbalances that require further medical evaluation.

What Are Common Conditions Linked to This Test?

This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions such as Cushing’s syndrome (high cortisol), adrenal insufficiency (low cortisol), or other hormonal disorders affecting cortisol production or regulation.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress. Salivary cortisol testing provides a more accurate reflection of your body’s natural cortisol fluctuations compared to blood tests. Abnormal levels can signal underlying health issues that need medical attention.

Short name

Salivary Free Cortisol

Frequently asked questions

What does a high or low salivary cortisol result mean?
A high result may suggest conditions like Cushing’s syndrome, where the body produces too much cortisol, or certain medications that affect cortisol levels. A low result could indicate adrenal insufficiency or other hormonal imbalances. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.
How often should I take saliva samples for this test?
You’ll need to collect saliva samples at consistent intervals (e.g., every few hours) over a full 24-hour period. Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully to ensure accurate results.
Can I take medications or use certain products before the test?
Yes, your doctor may instruct you to avoid certain medications, supplements, or even chewing gum that could affect cortisol levels. Always follow the specific instructions provided with your test kit.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy