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Cortisol in Saliva (Free Cortisol)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of cortisol, a natural steroid hormone, present in your saliva. It helps assess your body’s cortisol levels over time, often used to evaluate stress responses or adrenal function.

Quick summary

["Saliva cortisol testing can help diagnose conditions linked to stress or hormone imbalances."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
54235-7
Short code
Cortis chal Pnl Sal
Synonyms
Cortis chal Pnl Sal
Category
hormone
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
44
Ref high
147
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
84075
SNOMED
27550007
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order saliva cortisol testing if you have symptoms like fatigue, weight changes, or mood swings that could suggest hormonal issues. It’s also used in research or specialized clinical settings to monitor stress-related hormone fluctuations.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll collect saliva samples (often over 24 hours or at specific times) using a cotton swab or saliva collection device. Follow your provider’s instructions carefully to ensure accurate results.

How the Test Works

Saliva contains cortisol, which is secreted by your adrenal glands. The test detects this hormone in your saliva, providing a snapshot of your natural cortisol levels without blood draws.

What the Results Mean

Results help identify whether your cortisol levels are too high or too low, which can indicate conditions like Cushing’s syndrome, adrenal insufficiency, or chronic stress. Your provider will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.

Reference range

Adult: 44-147 U/LN/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation required. Avoid fatty meals before the test if possible.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Saliva Cortisol

Frequently asked questions

What causes abnormal cortisol levels in saliva?
Abnormal results may be linked to conditions like Cushing’s syndrome (too much cortisol), adrenal insufficiency (too little cortisol), or chronic stress. Other factors, such as medications, pregnancy, or certain medical treatments, can also affect cortisol levels.
How often should I get this test?
The frequency depends on your symptoms and medical needs. Your healthcare provider will determine the best schedule, which could range from a single test to repeated measurements over days or weeks.
Can I take anything before or after the test?
Avoid caffeine, alcohol, or smoking for several hours before collection, as these can temporarily alter cortisol levels. Follow your provider’s instructions for the exact timing and any restrictions.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy