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Cortisol in Saliva (Free Cortisol)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of cortisol, a stress hormone, naturally present in your saliva over a 24-hour period. It helps assess your body’s cortisol levels without interference from other substances like blood proteins.

Quick summary

["This test helps evaluate your body’s natural cortisol production and response to stress."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
57687-6
Short code
Cortis sp1 Sal-mCnc
Synonyms
Cortis sp1 Sal-mCnc
Category
hormone
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors may order a 24-hour free cortisol saliva test to diagnose conditions like Cushing’s syndrome (overproduction of cortisol) or adrenal insufficiency (underproduction). It can also help monitor treatment for these conditions or check for stress-related hormone imbalances.

How the Test Works

You’ll collect saliva samples at home over 24 hours, typically in the morning and evening, by spitting into pre-labeled containers. The samples are then sent to a lab for analysis using a sensitive immunoassay method to measure cortisol concentration.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but avoid smoking, caffeine, or eating immediately before collecting samples. If you’re on medications that affect cortisol levels, inform your doctor.

What the Results Mean

Results are compared to a baseline or reference range provided by your healthcare provider. Elevated levels may indicate overactive adrenal glands or stress-related conditions, while low levels may suggest adrenal gland dysfunction.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Free Cortisol

Frequently asked questions

What causes false high or low cortisol results?
False high results may occur if you consumed caffeine, smoked, or had recent stress before testing. False low results can happen if you didn’t collect samples consistently or if medications affect cortisol levels.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine the frequency based on your symptoms, medical history, and treatment needs. It’s often repeated if initial results are unclear or if you’re being monitored for a condition.
Can I drink water before collecting saliva samples?
Yes, you can drink water, but avoid eating or smoking right before collecting samples to ensure accurate results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy