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Cortisol, Saliva (Free)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of cortisol, a natural steroid hormone, found in your saliva. Cortisol helps regulate stress responses, metabolism, and other bodily functions.

Quick summary

["Saliva cortisol helps assess your body’s stress levels and hormone balance."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
28045-3
Short code
Cortis sp1 Sal Ql
Synonyms
Cortis sp1 Sal Ql
Category
hormone
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order a saliva cortisol test to evaluate conditions related to cortisol production, such as Cushing’s syndrome (overproduction) or adrenal insufficiency (underproduction). It can also help diagnose stress-related issues or monitor treatment for hormone-related disorders.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll provide a saliva sample (like spitting into a tube) at a time of day when cortisol levels are typically highest, such as morning. Avoid caffeine, nicotine, or strong flavors for 30 minutes before collecting the sample.

How the Test Works

A lab technician analyzes the saliva sample using an immunoassay method to detect cortisol levels. This test measures free (unbound) cortisol, which reflects your current hormonal activity.

What the Results Mean

Results are compared to reference ranges for your age and sex. Elevated levels may indicate stress, Cushing’s syndrome, or other conditions affecting cortisol production. Low levels could signal adrenal insufficiency or other hormonal imbalances.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Saliva Cortisol

Frequently asked questions

How often should I take this test?
The timing of your saliva cortisol test depends on your healthcare provider’s instructions. Some tests may require multiple samples at different times (e.g., morning and evening) to assess patterns. Follow their guidance to ensure accurate results.
Can I take medications before this test?
Yes, but avoid certain medications that may affect cortisol levels, such as steroids (e.g., prednisone) or some antidepressants. If you’re unsure, ask your provider to confirm if adjustments are needed before testing.
Does the time of day matter for this test?
Yes, cortisol levels naturally rise and fall throughout the day. For best accuracy, saliva samples are often collected in the morning (e.g., 7–9 AM) when cortisol is typically highest. Your provider will specify the ideal timing for your test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy