Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy with cytogenetic analysis (for chromosomal abnormalities)

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained fatigue, frequent infections, bleeding issues, or if they suspect a blood disorder, cancer, or genetic syndrome. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress or check for hidden genetic risks.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll likely receive a local anesthetic at the injection site. The procedure involves drawing bone marrow fluid (aspirate) and a small bone sample (biopsy) from your hip or other bone. Recovery is usually quick, but you may feel mild soreness afterward.

What Happens During the Test

The lab analyzes cells under a microscope to detect any chromosomal abnormalities, such as missing or extra chromosomes or structural changes. This may include fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) or karyotyping techniques.

What the Results Mean

Results show whether your bone marrow cells have genetic mutations linked to conditions like leukemia, lymphoma, or inherited disorders. Abnormal findings may guide treatment plans or next steps for further testing.