Pelvic Peritoneal Fluid Analysis (Cell Count and Differential)

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like abdominal pain, swelling, fever, or unexplained weight loss. It can also be part of a diagnostic workup for conditions like endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, or peritoneal carcinomatosis. The fluid is typically collected via a procedure called peritoneal lavage or aspiration during surgery or diagnostic imaging.

What to Expect Before the Test

You may need to fast for a few hours before the procedure, depending on the method. Avoid heavy exercise or certain medications that could affect test results. Your doctor will explain the exact preparation steps for your specific case.

What Happens During the Test

The procedure involves inserting a needle or catheter into the pelvic area to collect fluid. You may feel discomfort or pressure, but anesthesia can be used to minimize pain. The collected fluid is then sent to the lab for analysis, including counting and identifying different types of cells.

What the Results Mean

Results typically include the total cell count, types of white blood cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, etc.), and sometimes the presence of other substances like proteins or bacteria. Elevated white blood cell counts often indicate infection or inflammation, while specific cell types can help narrow down the diagnosis.