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Sternum Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy with Cytogenetic Analysis (CTG-guided)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test involves removing a small sample of bone marrow from your sternum (breastbone) to examine cells under a microscope and check for genetic changes that may indicate blood disorders or cancer.

Quick summary

["A bone marrow biopsy helps diagnose conditions like leukemia, lymphoma, or other blood-related diseases by analyzing cell structure and genetic markers."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
89839-5
Short code
CT Guided Sternum Bx
Synonyms
CT Guided Sternum Bx
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ct
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What to Expect Before the Procedure

You’ll likely be given a local anesthetic to numb the area around your sternum. The doctor will insert a needle into your sternum to extract a small sample of bone marrow. This may cause slight discomfort but should not be painful. You may feel pressure or a brief pinch during the procedure.

Procedure Details

The sample is then split into two parts: one is sent for microscopic examination to study cell types and structure, while the other undergoes genetic testing to identify any chromosomal abnormalities or mutations.

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors perform this test to investigate unexplained anemia, low white blood cell or platelet counts, fever of unknown origin, or symptoms like fatigue, weight loss, or swollen lymph nodes. It’s also used to monitor known blood disorders or cancers.

Preparation and Risks

No special preparation is needed, but inform your doctor about any medications you’re taking, allergies, or recent illnesses. Rare risks include infection, bruising, or bleeding at the site. Severe complications are uncommon but may include pneumothorax (collapsed lung) or nerve damage.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Sternum BMX with Cytogenetics

Frequently asked questions

How long will the results take to return?
Results typically take 1–2 weeks for microscopic evaluation and an additional 1–2 weeks for genetic testing, depending on lab processing times. Your doctor will discuss findings during a follow-up visit.
What does a normal result mean?
A normal result shows typical bone marrow cell structure and no obvious genetic abnormalities. However, some conditions may not show changes on initial testing, so follow-up may be needed.
Can I eat or drink before the test?
You can eat and drink normally before the test unless instructed otherwise by your doctor. No fasting is required.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy