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Total Protein in Serum or Plasma

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of protein in your blood, which includes albumin and other proteins like globulins. Proteins are essential for maintaining fluid balance, supporting immune function, and transporting nutrients.

Quick summary

["Your blood protein levels help doctors assess hydration, nutrition, and overall health."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
45130-2
Short code
C trach Ab Fld Ql
Synonyms
C trach Ab Fld Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors may order a total protein test to check for conditions affecting protein production, such as liver disease, kidney problems, or malnutrition. It can also help evaluate fluid balance in the body, such as in cases of edema (swelling) or dehydration.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is usually needed. You may be asked to fast before the test if it involves a blood draw, but this depends on the lab’s protocol. Avoid strenuous activity 24 hours before the test if instructed.

How the Test Is Performed

A healthcare provider will draw blood from a vein in your arm using a small needle. The blood sample is sent to a lab for analysis. The test measures the combined weight of all proteins in the serum or plasma.

Possible Results and Interpretation

Results are typically reported as a total protein concentration (e.g., grams per deciliter). Low levels may suggest liver or kidney disease, malnutrition, or excessive fluid loss. High levels could indicate dehydration, multiple myeloma, or certain inflammatory conditions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total Protein

Frequently asked questions

What Does a Low Total Protein Level Mean?
Low total protein levels can signal underlying health issues like liver dysfunction (reducing albumin production), chronic kidney disease, severe malnutrition, or conditions causing excessive protein loss (e.g., kidney disease). Your doctor may recommend further tests to identify the cause.
What Does a High Total Protein Level Mean?
High protein levels may indicate dehydration (fluid loss from the body), multiple myeloma (a blood cancer affecting plasma cells), or certain inflammatory diseases. However, dehydration is often the most common cause, so hydration status should be reviewed first.
Does diet affect total protein test results?
Yes, diet can influence protein levels. High-protein diets or certain medical conditions (like kidney disease) may temporarily alter results. Avoid extreme dietary changes before testing, and follow your doctor’s advice for fasting or dietary restrictions if applicable.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy