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Comprehensive Protein Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 17, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, including albumin and globulins, using electrophoresis. It helps identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may indicate conditions like liver disease, kidney problems, or certain cancers.

Quick summary

["This test helps diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein balance in your blood."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 17, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
1004-1
Short code
DAT Comp-Sp Reag RBC Ql
Synonyms
DAT Comp-Sp Reag RBC Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
4.2
Ref high
5.9
Critical range
2 N/A – 7 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
85041
SNOMED
900000000000003001
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Does This Test Measure?

Electrophoresis separates proteins based on their size and electrical charge, creating distinct bands. Albumin, globulins (including alpha, beta, and gamma globulins), and other proteins are analyzed. Abnormal patterns may signal underlying health issues.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or if they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or chronic inflammation. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress in certain diseases.

Sample and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum or plasma is then processed for electrophoresis. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on your doctor’s instructions.

What to Expect During the Test

The procedure takes about 30 minutes. You’ll lie down while a needle is inserted to draw blood. Afterward, you may feel slight discomfort, but it’s usually over quickly. The results are analyzed to identify protein patterns in your blood.

Reference range

Adult males: 4.2-5.9; Females: 3.8-5.1 x 10^12/LN/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation required. Stay well hydrated.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What causes abnormal protein electrophoresis results?
Abnormal results may be due to conditions like liver disease (affecting albumin), chronic infections or autoimmune disorders (increasing globulins), or certain cancers (such as multiple myeloma). Lifestyle factors like diet or medications can also influence protein levels.
How long does it take to get the results?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on your lab’s processing time. Your doctor will discuss the findings with you during a follow-up visit.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Follow your doctor’s instructions, but generally, you can eat normally unless fasting is required for another reason. Avoid alcohol or certain medications that might affect protein levels before the test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy