Protein Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or if they suspect conditions affecting protein production or breakdown in your body. It’s also used to monitor certain chronic diseases or after treatments like chemotherapy.

What Does the Test Involve?

A small blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm. The blood is then separated into plasma or serum, which is placed on a gel and subjected to an electric current. This separates proteins into bands based on size and charge. Results are compared to a standard pattern to identify any irregularities.

What Are Common Findings?

Normal results show a balanced distribution of proteins across different bands. Abnormal findings may include spikes (e.g., monoclonal bands) that suggest conditions like multiple myeloma, or shifts in other bands that could indicate liver or kidney issues.

What Does This Test Tell Us About My Health?

Protein electrophoresis helps detect conditions that alter protein levels, such as plasma cell dyscrasias (e.g., multiple myeloma), hereditary disorders (e.g., alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency), or metabolic diseases. It can also assess the effectiveness of treatments targeting protein-related disorders.