Skip to content

Bilirubin, Total (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood, a waste product from the breakdown of red blood cells. It helps assess liver function and detect conditions like jaundice or bile duct blockages.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin levels can signal liver or bile issues and help diagnose jaundice or other health concerns."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
22145-7
Short code
Deprecated BLV Ab Ser Ql
Synonyms
Deprecated BLV Ab Ser Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when your body breaks down old red blood cells. Normally, it’s processed by your liver and excreted in bile. High levels can indicate liver disease, gallbladder problems, or hemolysis (red blood cell destruction). Low levels may suggest liver dysfunction or certain blood disorders.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but you may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the test if it’s part of a liver function panel. Bring any medications you’re currently taking, as some may affect results.

Common Conditions Linked to Bilirubin

Elevated bilirubin often appears in conditions like hepatitis, cirrhosis, gallstones, or bile duct obstructions. It can also be linked to hemolytic anemia (where red blood cells break down too quickly). Low levels may be associated with liver disease or certain genetic disorders.

How the Test Works

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The sample is sent to a lab, where bilirubin is measured using a chemical reaction that detects its presence. Results are compared to standard ranges to identify abnormalities.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Total Bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

What does my bilirubin result mean?
Results above normal may signal liver or bile problems, requiring further testing (e.g., liver enzymes, imaging). Results below normal could indicate liver disease or other conditions, so discuss findings with your healthcare provider for guidance.
Can diet affect bilirubin levels?
Dietary changes alone won’t alter bilirubin results, but certain foods (e.g., high-fiber, cruciferous vegetables) may indirectly support liver health. Avoid alcohol or medications that could affect liver function before testing.
Is fasting required for this test?
Fasting may be required depending on the test panel, but confirm with your lab or doctor before your appointment. If fasting isn’t needed, avoid heavy meals 2 hours prior to avoid potential test interference.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy