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Bilirubin, Total (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down, and it helps your liver process waste products.

Quick summary

["Your liver plays a key role in processing bilirubin, and high levels may signal potential liver or bile duct issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
69097-4
Short code
Deprecated CT Liver Bx needle guide
Synonyms
Deprecated CT Liver Bx needle guide
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ct
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors may order a total bilirubin test to check for liver disease, bile duct blockages, or other conditions affecting how your body processes bilirubin. It can also help diagnose or monitor conditions like hepatitis, jaundice, or hemolytic anemia.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is usually needed. You may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the test if it’s part of a liver function panel, but confirm with your provider. Bring any medications you’re taking.

How the Test Is Done

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The sample is sent to a lab for analysis. The test measures bilirubin levels in your serum (liquid part of blood).

What the Results Mean

Results are compared to a general reference range, but exact values can vary by lab. High bilirubin (hyperbilirubinemia) may indicate liver disease, gallbladder issues, or red blood cell disorders. Low levels are less common but may signal rare conditions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

What causes elevated bilirubin?
Elevated bilirubin often stems from liver problems (e.g., hepatitis, cirrhosis), blocked bile ducts, or rapid red blood cell destruction (hemolysis). Jaundice, a yellowing of skin/eyes, is a classic sign of high bilirubin.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine frequency based on your health. Regular monitoring may be needed if you have chronic liver disease, bile duct issues, or other conditions linked to bilirubin changes.
Can diet affect bilirubin levels?
Diet alone rarely changes bilirubin levels, but certain foods (e.g., high-fiber, cruciferous veggies) may indirectly support liver function. Avoid alcohol or excessive caffeine before testing if instructed.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy