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Protein Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins found in your blood serum, helping identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may signal conditions like kidney disease, liver issues, or certain cancers.

Quick summary

["This test helps diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein balance in your blood."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
55447-7
Short code
Deprecated Fact VIII Ag PPP
Synonyms
Deprecated Fact VIII Ag PPP
Category
chemistry
Sample
plasma
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA) or Green-top (Heparin)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Protein electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct bands based on size and electrical charge. Key protein groups typically analyzed include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions such as multiple myeloma, nephrotic syndrome, or chronic inflammation.

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order this test to investigate symptoms like swelling, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or to evaluate kidney/liver function. It’s also used to monitor treatment responses in conditions affecting protein production or distribution.

Sample Collection and Preparation

Blood is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The serum (liquid part after clotting) is separated and sent to the lab for analysis. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on your specific order.

What to Expect During Results Review

Results show relative amounts of each protein band. Elevated or low levels in specific bands may point to underlying health concerns. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your medical history and symptoms.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Why might my protein electrophoresis test be abnormal?
Abnormal results could be due to conditions like multiple myeloma (spikes in gamma-globulins), liver disease (reduced albumin), or kidney problems (proteinuria). Other causes may include infections, autoimmune diseases, or certain medications.
How long will it take to get my results?
Results are typically available within 24 to 72 hours, depending on your lab’s processing schedule. Your doctor will contact you once results are ready.
Can I fast before this test?
No fasting is usually required for protein electrophoresis, but always follow your doctor’s specific instructions. If fasting is advised for another related test, note that this one does not require it.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy