Serum or plasma concentration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors order an hCG test to confirm pregnancy, especially when early symptoms like missed periods, nausea, or breast tenderness appear. It may also be used to monitor high-risk pregnancies, check for ectopic pregnancies, or evaluate fertility treatments. In some cases, it can help diagnose conditions like ovarian tumors or certain cancers.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but you may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the blood draw if your lab requires it. Wear comfortable clothing and plan to stay for the procedure, as it typically takes a few minutes. If you’re pregnant, inform your healthcare provider before testing.

What Happens During the Test

A healthcare professional will insert a needle into a vein in your arm and collect a blood sample. You may feel slight discomfort, but it usually lasts only a few seconds. The sample is then sent to a lab for analysis.

What the Results Mean

Results are reported in units per liter (IU/L). Low or undetectable levels may indicate no pregnancy or early miscarriage. Very high levels could suggest complications like ectopic pregnancy or certain cancers. Your doctor will interpret results based on your medical history and symptoms.