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Serum or plasma concentration of bilirubin (total)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down, and it helps the liver process waste products.

Quick summary

["Your doctor may check total bilirubin to diagnose or monitor liver, bile duct, or red blood cell disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
14029-3
Short code
Deprecated HTLV I+II rgp46-II Ab Ser Ql
Synonyms
Deprecated HTLV I+II rgp46-II Ab Ser Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ib
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors order total bilirubin tests to investigate symptoms like jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes), dark urine, pale stools, or unexplained fatigue. It’s also used to monitor conditions like liver disease, hemolytic anemia, or bile duct blockages.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but avoid alcohol for 24 hours before testing if possible. Bring any medications or supplements you’re taking to your doctor’s office.

What the Test Involves

A healthcare provider will draw blood from a vein in your arm. You may feel a slight pinch, but the process is quick. The sample is sent to a lab for analysis.

What the Results Mean

Results are reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). Elevated levels may indicate liver disease, bile duct issues, or red blood cell disorders. Lower-than-normal levels are rare but can occur with certain liver conditions or genetic disorders.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

What causes elevated bilirubin?
Elevated bilirubin often stems from liver problems (e.g., hepatitis, cirrhosis), bile duct obstructions, or conditions that destroy red blood cells faster than the liver can process them (e.g., hemolytic anemia).
How does this test help diagnose conditions?
Total bilirubin helps distinguish between liver-related jaundice (due to impaired bilirubin processing) and hemolytic jaundice (due to red blood cell breakdown). It also supports diagnosing bile duct blockages or genetic disorders like Gilbert’s syndrome.
When should I ask my doctor about this test?
Ask if you have symptoms like jaundice, dark urine, or unexplained fatigue. Also inquire if your doctor suspects liver disease, bile duct issues, or a blood disorder.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy