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Protein Electrophoresis (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, which helps identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems.

Quick summary

["This test helps doctors diagnose and monitor certain blood and organ conditions by examining protein patterns in your serum."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
1294-8
Short code
Deprecated P2 Ab Ser Ql
Synonyms
Deprecated P2 Ab Ser Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
aggl-rbc
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if they suspect conditions affecting protein levels, such as chronic kidney disease, liver disease, or certain cancers. It can also be used to monitor treatment progress or screen for genetic disorders.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is usually needed. You may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the test if it involves a blood draw, but this is not always required for protein electrophoresis alone. Bring any medications or questions to your appointment.

How the Test Is Performed

A healthcare professional will draw blood from a vein in your arm using a small needle. The blood sample is then processed and analyzed to separate proteins based on size and charge.

What the Results Mean

Results show the distribution of proteins (e.g., albumin, globulins, and other fractions). Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions like protein-losing syndromes, infections, or metabolic disorders. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What could cause abnormal results?
Abnormal protein electrophoresis results may signal conditions such as multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), systemic lupus erythematosus, liver disease, or kidney disease. High or low levels of specific protein bands can also point to genetic disorders or immune system issues.
How often should this test be repeated?
Frequency depends on your diagnosis and treatment plan. If you have a chronic condition, your doctor may schedule follow-up tests every few months or as needed to monitor progression or response to treatment.
Can diet or medications affect this test?
Dietary changes (e.g., high-protein diets) or certain medications (e.g., steroids, chemotherapy) may influence protein levels. Always inform your doctor about all medications or supplements you’re taking before the test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy