Skip to content

Protein Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, helping identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems.

Quick summary

["This test helps doctors diagnose and monitor certain blood disorders by analyzing protein patterns in your serum or plasma."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
55461-8
Short code
Deprecated Prot C PPP
Synonyms
Deprecated Prot C PPP
Category
chemistry
Sample
plasma
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA) or Green-top (Heparin)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Protein electrophoresis separates blood proteins into fractions based on size and charge. Common bands include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal patterns may suggest conditions affecting protein production or breakdown.

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors order this test to investigate symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or swelling, or to monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, amyloidosis, or chronic liver disease. It can also help diagnose kidney disease or certain autoimmune disorders.

Sample Preparation and Testing Process

A blood sample is drawn, and the serum or plasma is separated and placed in a gel. An electric current is applied, causing proteins to migrate through the gel. After staining, the bands are analyzed for relative protein concentrations.

Common Conditions Affecting Results

Abnormal protein patterns may indicate conditions such as multiple myeloma (excess monoclonal proteins), liver disease (reduced albumin), or kidney disease (increased beta-globulins). Chronic inflammation or infections can also alter protein distribution.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a high or low protein band mean in my results?
High or low levels in specific bands may signal underlying health issues. For example, an unusually high gamma-globulin band could suggest multiple myeloma or other monoclonal gammopathies. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.
How long does it take to get my results?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on your lab’s processing schedule. Follow-up with your healthcare provider to discuss findings and next steps.
Can I eat or drink anything before this test?
No special preparation is needed. However, inform your doctor about any medications or supplements you’re taking, as they may affect results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy