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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a technique that separates proteins based on size and electrical charge.

Quick summary

["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns, often linked to conditions like multiple myeloma or chronic inflammation."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
27146-0
Short code
Deprecated S pneum12 Ab sp1 Ser-mCnc
Synonyms
Deprecated S pneum12 Ab sp1 Ser-mCnc
Category
coagulation
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis applies an electric current to serum, causing proteins to migrate toward opposite charges. This creates bands representing albumin, alpha, beta, and gamma globulins. Each band’s density reflects protein concentration.

Common Conditions Evaluated

This test is often used to screen for conditions affecting protein composition, such as monoclonal gammopathies (e.g., multiple myeloma), chronic liver disease, or autoimmune disorders.

Preparation and Specimen

No special preparation is needed. A blood sample is drawn, and serum is separated for testing. Results are qualitative (descriptive rather than numeric).

How Results Are Interpreted

Abnormal patterns may show excess or reduced bands, indicating potential health concerns. A healthcare provider will review results in context with your symptoms and medical history.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Qualitative Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Why might I need this test?
Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, or signs of chronic disease (e.g., liver/kidney issues). It can also help monitor treatment progress for certain blood disorders.
What do abnormal results mean?
Abnormal results could suggest conditions like multiple myeloma (excess monoclonal proteins), severe liver disease (reduced albumin), or autoimmune disorders (elevated gamma globulins). Further testing may be needed for diagnosis.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 24–48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Follow-up with your healthcare provider is recommended to discuss findings.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy