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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge. It helps identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders.

Quick summary

["Electrophoresis helps doctors spot unusual protein patterns that could signal hidden health issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
18347-5
Short code
Deprecated S pneum12 Ab sp2 Ser-aCnc
Synonyms
Deprecated S pneum12 Ab sp2 Ser-aCnc
Category
coagulation
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Does This Test Measure?

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into bands based on their electrical charge and size. This includes albumin (the most abundant protein), globulins (which include antibodies and other immune proteins), and sometimes alpha, beta, and gamma globulin fractions. Abnormal patterns may suggest conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or immune disorders.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swollen glands, or if they suspect conditions affecting protein levels, such as chronic kidney disease, liver problems, or certain cancers.

Preparation and Sample Collection

No special preparation is needed, but fasting may not be required. Blood is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The sample is sent to a lab where proteins are separated using an electric current.

What Are Common Findings?

Normal results show a balanced distribution of proteins. Abnormal findings may include a spike in one protein band (e.g., monoclonal spike in multiple myeloma), reduced albumin, or elevated globulins. These patterns help guide further testing or treatment.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Frequently asked questions

What does a 'qualitative' result mean?
A qualitative result describes the presence or absence of certain protein patterns rather than providing exact measurements. It helps identify if abnormal protein levels exist but does not give precise amounts.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 1 to 3 business days, depending on lab processing times.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
No specific fasting is required, but avoid heavy meals or alcohol before your blood draw to ensure accuracy.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy